Sensores em fibra óptica plástica com geometria em W: avaliação de desempenho em ensaios de compressão

Abstract

This work aims to develop and characterize optical sensors based on plastic optical fibers (POF) for the detection of mechanical forces and external medium variations through light intensity modulation. The research focuses on optical confinement and bending-induced losses, exploring different fiber geometries and fabrication techniques to obtain low-cost sensors. The methodology involved the design, fabrication, and calibration of POF-based devices with optimized geometries and elastomeric encapsulation, enabling the application of standardized loads and incremental compressions. Experimental tests of calibration and controlled deformation were carried out, in which linearity, repeatability, sensitivity, and statistical correlation between optical intensity and applied force were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the proposed sensors present a stable linear response, with good repeatability and suitable resolution for practical applications. Furthermore, it was verified that the integration of encapsulation techniques and statistical analysis enhances robustness, reliability, and durability of the devices. It is concluded that POF sensors are a promising alternative for low-cost instrumentation, with potential applications in structural monitoring, biomedical systems, automation, and process control.