Formulação ótima multiperíodo para alocação de BESS em sistemas de distribuição considerando aspectos operacionais

Abstract

This work addresses battery energy storage systems (BESS) applied to distribution systems. Due to the contributions that BESS can provide to the energy supply of these systems, they can be used for diverse applications, improving electrical power quality indices and associated costs. In this work, an optimal formulation for the allocation and management of batteries is presented, considering various parameters related to operational aspects such as, for example, the BESS lifespan, voltage constraints, depth of discharge, SOH, among others. The optimization method used to solve the battery allocation and management problem is the Genetic Algorithm (GA), since the problem has a nonlinear nature, with discrete and continuous variables, as well as temporal coupling. To improve the convergence of GA, a method for reducing the search space of candidate solutions was implemented through enhancements in the algorithm’s initial populations. The proposal is to perform an optimal allocation considering multiple operating periods, that is, a multiperiod formulation is necessary. For the temporal aspects inherent to battery operation, Quasi-Static Time-Series (QSTS) is used, which solves sequential power flows. The developed method was tested on several electrical systems, with batteries of different characteristics, to analyze the behavior of BESS and demonstrate its effectiveness.