A importância da sustentabilidade no desmonte de rochas

Abstract

The practice of mining and rock dismantling activities are of paramount importance for Brazilian socioeconomic development; In addition to being indispensable for civil engineering, they have a significant impact on the economy. It turns out that, with increasingly accelerated population growth, the environment is not keeping up with this pace of exploitation of natural resources. In this context, given the relevance of the mining sector and its growth potential, it is necessary to adopt sustainable measures at all stages of the rock dismantling process. The focus of this study consists of highlighting the impacts generated by the rock dismantling activity, as well as presenting the socio-environmental mitigation measures necessary for the success and safety of the project. To this end, a bibliographical research on existing works on this topic is presented; In addition, the reader is presented with a local case study that deals with the business reality in the sector and that addresses the main sustainable measures currently implemented in the company. The main impacts generated in the rock dismantling process are ground vibration, atmospheric overpressure, noise emission, ultra-release of rock fragments and generation of dust. It is very important to correctly monitor, control and record each activity to reduce impacts and promote greater safety before, during and after exploring a deposit. Following the standards and recommendations of specialized bodies, in addition to promoting and encouraging a good relationship with workers and the local community, is essential for the success of the enterprise. Therefore, knowing that each type of rock blasting has advantages, disadvantages and particular potential for generating different impacts, it is concluded that it is up to specialized professionals to define the chosen method, the appropriate techniques and present control measures for the entire process, mitigation of impacts generated, reduction of waste and waste, in addition to complete monitoring of the work. Finally, the importance of more studies in this area is highlighted, in addition to the necessary participation of the government with awareness campaigns, rigorous control and inspection and implementation of public policies in the area that will contribute to more sustainable development.