Protagonismo estudantil no novo ensino médio: estratégias da gestão escolar para uma tomada de decisões participativa

Abstract

The implementation of the New High School (NEM), established by Law No. 13,415/2017, revealed significant challenges related to student protagonism. Thus, it is essential to question whether the reform, in its current conception, is truly promoting student protagonism or if it is serving other interests, such as aligning education with labor market demands. The main objective of this study is to seek systematic management strategies to improve student protagonism at the Professor Soares Ferreira State School (EEPSF), located in the city of Barbacena/MG, in decisionmaking within the school environment and, mainly, regarding their protagonism in the implementation of the NEM, starting in 2022. The specific objectives of this research include describing the process of implementing the NEM in the aforementioned school and analyzing student participation in decisions and proposing improvement strategies. To highlight our problem situation, we present how students have been participating in decision-making regarding the choice of elective subjects and in-depth studies by area, as provided for in the Minas Gerais resolutions during the analyzed period. We also highlight the situation of student protagonism in other school spaces, such as the Student Union and the School Board, and the role of class representatives. To achieve the proposed objective in this work, it was necessary to take a more indepth approach to the theoretical perspective of the problem, identifying the concepts of Youth and identities and Youth Protagonism; High School and Curricular Flexibility in High School, through the lens of some important authors such as Carrano, Dayrell, Ferretti, Zibas, Tartuce, Arroyo, Barreto, Moll, Krawczyk, among others. As a methodological proposal, for the execution of this work, field research was carried out focusing on the EEPSF, seeking data collected through a focus group and structured questionnaire with daytime high school students to analyze the implementation of the NEM.