Utilização de nanocelulose bacteriana como scaffold para a engenharia de tecidos: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Cellulose is a renewable natural polymer that is more abundant worldwide. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a natural biomaterial derived from cellulose produced by certain types of bacteria such as Glucanocetobacter xylinus. Well known for its versatility and biological features e.g.: crystallinity, mechanical resistance, low toxicity, biocompatibility, and thixotropy BNC has been used as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering, cartilaginous, cardiovascular, nervous, hepatic, and so on. The scaffold is one of the three most important components to make tissue engineering happen, being responsible for giving structure, support, and shape to the future engineered tissue. Due to increasing advances in the use and modification of BNC for tissue engineering purposes studies are required to monitor the evolution of the topic by giving an overview of it. This review focused on articles between 2015 and 2024 in the main databases. In summary, the overview reinforced the potential of BNC as an important natural biomaterial for tissue engineering, new applications are highlighted as for nerve tissue engineering. Some gaps for directing future studies are identified as cost-effective sources and production conditions, technologies for scaffold fabrication, clinical in vivo application, in situ and ex situ methods to improve its properties and the use of BNC in hard tissue regeneration.