Aplicações do software Opensim na modelagem biomecânica de membros superiores: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Shoulder musculoskeletal models are essential in biomechanical research, offering valuable insights into the complexities of shoulder joint mechanics, muscle functions, movement analysis, and potential interventions. Therefore, a literature review was conducted to explore the utilization of upper limb computational models within the OpenSim software framework. It summarizes shoulder modeling advancements and assesses clinical applicability, including sample size, experimental data, and OpenSim-based analyses. The literature search covered the following databases: PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Web of Science, Scopus, and the OpenSim website, emphasizing studies dedicated to upper limb models for shoulder joint complex analysis within OpenSim with no language or publication date restrictions. Editorials, opinion articles, seminar documents, conference abstracts, and incomplete papers were excluded from the analysis. The screening process involved several stages, including duplicate removal by one reviewer and independent assessment by two reviewers based on predefined criteria. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion, with a third reviewer consulted when necessary to achieve consensus. Out of the initial 1,056 articles identified, 77 studies were included for review. However, several studies lack clarity regarding their analyses and workflows, hindering result comprehension and replication. Some studies have limited participant counts, even reaching zero, relying on theoretical inputs, potentially compromising physiological accuracy. The inclusion of experimental data enhances simulation accuracy, transforming generic models into personalized ones and facilitating model validation through comparisons of experimental measurements with simulation outcomes.