A implementação do proeja no Instituto Federal do Sudeste de Minas Gerais: tensões e intenções na formação profissional do trabalhador sob a perspectiva do curso integrado

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Proejas courses at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFs) in the Southeast of Minas Gerais (IFSEMG). The program proposes to provide young adults with professional training integrated with basic education. The question that guided this research was: What are the challenges and prospects for implementing the proposal of broad and integrated worker training through the Proeja courses at the Federal Institute (IFs) of Education, Science, and Technology of Southeastern Minas Gerais? As a result of this guiding question, we pursued three objectives: i) To understand the possibilities that an integrated course in the modality of youth and adult education proposes for the professional training of the worker; ii) to study how the implementation of the Proeja courses occurred at the IFSEMG campuses concerning the integrated professional training of the worker; iii) to analyze the process of implementing the ProEJA courses in terms of the proposed and the practiced.The perspective of integration between work, science, technology, and general culture presupposes the scientific, cultural, political, and professional development of workers. Given this proposal for broad training for young adults, we seek to discuss the challenges and prospects for implementing of these courses at IFSEMG campuses. To achieve this goal, we will analyze the Proeja foundational documents, as well as the institutional documents of the courses studied in IFSEMG. Based on the historical process of the constitution of Brazilian social formation, in the historical period of the businessmilitary dictatorship, we observe the shaping of educational policies for workers tied to the concept of human capital theory, through the binomial of education and economic development. With the advent of neoliberalism in the 1990s, we analyzed the shaping of EJA educational policies according to the project dictated by international organizations, in response to the productive restructuring of capital. This shaping, under the governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Lula da Silva, and Dilma Rousseff, was accomplished through the development of programs that catered to the training of simple labor, in an expedited, precarious formation without access to the foundations of knowledge, especially for the education of young adults. Under the more recent governments of Michel Temer and Jair Bolsonaro, due to the advancement of ultraconservatism and measures to reduce social spending, we discuss the implications of containment measures on educational policies for young adults, and the prevalence of certification policies. Based on these historical perspectives present in the proposals for the formation of young adults, we seek to understand the proposed concept by coures Proeja at IFSEMG, considering the correlation of forces present in the educational structure.