O problema da formação da individualidade na Ontologia de György Lukács

Abstract

The present study aims to track and expose the general determinations concerning the formative process of individuality in György Lukács's ontology. In line with the general objective, it is necessary to examine the Hungarian philosopher’s contributions regarding the process of individuation, focusing on the relationship between the individual and the human gender, primarily from his later work, The Ontology of Social Being. The research itinerary includes, alongside the primary source, other mature works of the Hungarian philosopher and texts by commentators, which are referenced to enrich the treatment to be carried out. For the execution of the research, immanent analysis is used as an investigative procedure of the dimensions of the genesis, structure, and function of the works and texts, which allows critically and analytically uncovering the reality apprehended by the author, with its successes and shortcomings. It is understood that this work fills a gap within the still scarce studies on Lukács’s work, as well as in the way it is often apprehended. Furthermore, analyzing the problem of individuality based on this author’s foundations is of paramount importance for a more accurate understanding of the contradictions present in the process of social being development and contemporary dilemmas. Lukács’s contribution is, in this sense, quite original, both within Marxism and in comparison to what predominates in contemporary thought today. He opposes the aporias of idealism and mechanicism, denotes their shortcomings, and helps in understanding the social function of these positions. It is also maintained that examining the problem of individuality is indispensable for carrying out a critique of current sociability and for pointing out the ways for its overcoming.