Abordando a relação entre antidepressivos e bruxismo pela perspectiva do cirurgião-dentista: uma revisão da literatura

Abstract

Bruxism is a complex and multifactorial condition, whose etiology is still not completely understood. In addition to anxiety and stress, other factors such as genetic predisposition, sleep disorders, malocclusion and inadequate lifestyle habits can contribute to the onset of bruxism. The relationship between anxiety, stress and bruxism is intricate, where anxiety and stress can trigger or worsen bruxism, whereas bruxism itself can generate additional anxiety due to discomfort and oral health concerns. In the treatment of bruxism in patients using antidepressant medications, it is essential to address the underlying causes of anxiety and stress by adopting relaxation and stress management strategies. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and exercise can help reduce anxiety and relieve muscle tension associated with bruxism. In addition, avoiding the consumption of stimulating substances, such as caffeine and tobacco, and using a neuromyorelaxing splint to protect the temporomandibular joint and reduce the pressure exerted by bruxism during sleep are important approaches. Although the relationship between antidepressant medications and bruxism still requires further studies, it is essential that health professionals are aware of this correlation and adopt appropriate measures for the management of bruxism in patients using these medications. A multidisciplinary approach, involving dentists, physicians and psychologists, may be necessary to provide a comprehensive and personalized treatment aimed at controlling anxiety, reducing stress and minimizing the symptoms of bruxism. Patient awareness and education about the importance of self-care and emotional control also plays a crucial role in the effective management of bruxism.