Fatores condicionantes da atração de investimentos privados para municípios mineiros de pequeno e médio porte segundo a percepção de gestores públicos municipais: um estudo de caso da região metropolitana do Vale do Aço

Abstract

Globalization, a characteristic phenomenon of the second half of the 20th century, has triggered significant transformations in international relations. In this context, attracting investment has become a priority for countries, especially in an environment of intense competition between them, which makes the issue highly complex. In Brazil, the definition of these investments is regulated by laws that consider as foreign capital financial resources invested in the country's economic activity by residents or domiciled abroad. Investments have played a crucial role in the economic development of many countries, contributing to their external accounts, balances of payments and job creation. However, the success of these investments is intrinsically linked to a series of factors, such as the economic structure, institutions, culture and each country's history. In the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Aço (RMVA) [Região Metropolitana do Vale do Aço (RMVA)], known for its industrial activity and specialization in the steel sector, attracting investment is essential to stimulate regional economic growth. However, despite the existing potential in the RMVA, the region faces challenges in attracting private investment, reflected in unfavorable macroeconomic indicators. Given this context, this study aims to identify the determining factors for attracting and promoting private investments in the RMVA, particularly from the perspective of municipal public managers. To achieve this objective, documentary analyses, literature reviews and interviews with municipal public managers were carried out in order to identify the main factors and processes for attracting investments in the region. The results, according to the perception of these managers, demonstrate that attracting municipal and regional investments requires adequate infrastructure, clear legislation and efficient services. Cooperation between municipalities and unified policies are essential to avoid discrepancies and promote a favorable business environment. The continuity and efficiency of support services are fundamental, regardless of political mandates. A balanced approach considers factors such as infrastructure, workforce and environmental preservation. An integrated policy can stimulate sustainable economic growth at the municipal and regional level.