Análise de prevalência dos distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho e dos questionários para distúrbios osteomusculares em dentistas. Uma revisão sistemática e de escopo

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders are the main cause of illness among dentists. In addition to pain and discomfort, these disorders can cause a drop in productivity, a worsening of quality of life and, in more serious cases, the interruption of dental practice. The aim of this research was through a scope review, identify and accomplish a data survey about which questionnaires to assess WMSD symptoms are most used, and through a systematic review, calculate the prevalence of WMSDs on those professionals regardless their country operation or specialization. This scope review followed the guidelines of the JBI and PRISMA-ScR where 171 articles were selected for analysis. While the systematic review followed PRISMA 2020 aimed to evaluate the prevalence of WRMSD on dentists worldwide using 38 articles to this review. The results found were: The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) emerged as the most prevalent tool (41.71%), followed by self-made questionnaires (34.67%). Notably, none of the studies reported appropriate validation of the proposed self-made questionnaire instrument. The combination of questionnaires may help to complemente the results as each questionnaire has its strengths and weaknesses. The overall prevalence of WRMSD on dentists was about 83% and the most affected areas was the neck region (58%), shoulders (44%), and lower back (50%). There were not significant difference in the prevalence of WMSD observed across the different continents. The African continent were the one with the highest prevalence rates (99%; CI: 96 to 100%). However, the number of articles (1) and the high risk of bias found do not allow a conclusion about the continent. The Asian continent was the one with the largest number of studies selected (20), which corroborates previously published studies. No significant differences were found in the prevalence of WMSDs observed on different continents.