Avaliação da reatividade de anticorpos IgG para as proteínas S e N anti - SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes atendidos no HU-UFJF/EBSERH em Juiz de Fora

Abstract

Covid-19 is a disease that has caused worldwide concern due to the high rates of cases and deaths that have occurred. It is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, a betacoronavirus that has proteins in its viral structure capable of awakening the immune response of individuals through infection or vaccination. In order to verify the reactivity of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 proteins, a cross-sectional study on patients treated at HU-UFJF/EBSERH units was carried out. Thus, sera from patients collected in 2022 and 2023 were subjected to ELISA evaluation to verify the presence of IgG antibodies against the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Binding avidity assays for these antibodies were conducted with samples from 2023. The results of the serological analyzes showed that more than 90% of patients produced IgG antibodies against virus proteins in both 2022 and 2023. Patients in the outpatient unit with comorbidities present higher levels of reactivity against virus proteins compared to those in the hospitalization unit. The percentage of drop in avidity reactivity following treatment with the chaotropic agent urea was low, indicating that the total IgG antibodies produced are of high avidity. 94.36% of the population analyzed in 2023 were immunized with at least one dose of vaccination against Covid19. Both the 2022 and 2023 samples showed high IgG reactivity against the SARSCoV-2 proteins analyzed, with high avidity maintained. The association of these data can be good indicators for verifying the development of protective immunity in the population analyzed.