Aplicação da teoria de fractais em transformador de impedância do tipo Klopfenstein em microfita

Abstract

This dissertation presents a study of the application of fractal theory to analyze two types of impedance transformers at the operating frequency of 7 GHz. First, the quarter-wave impedance transformer with one, two and three sections will be analyzed. Along with this, the Klopfenstein transformer will also be analyzed, applying a smoothing between its input and output. This work describes the application of the fractal theory to a microstrip Klopfenstein impedance transformer for the frequency of 500 MHz and above aiming size reduction. The substract used for simulations in CST and practical implementation was the FR-4. After an initial theoretical introduction covering impedance transformers, three impedance transformers are analyzed in details: an ordinary quarter wave transformer with three sections, a Klopfenstein transformer, and a partitioned Klopfenstein transformer with the mentioned fractal theory. Simulated and practical results are presented and discussed.