Perfil de susceptibilidade aos agentes antifúngicos de isolados da micobiota intestinal de indivíduos obesos, com sobrepeso e eutróficos

Abstract

Antifungal resistance is an emerging public health issue that involves One Health associated with identification in environmental, animal, and human niches. The intestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem that can be influenced by the composition of ingested food, physical activity, circadian rhythm and use of xenobiotics. The ability to respond to imbalance in the intestinal community presents a limitation and when this state is overcome, dysbiosis occurs. Obesity can cause changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota leading to dysbiosis. The resistance of fungi to antimicrobials is a growing, relevant and still little explored problem. The therapeutic arsenal is still limited and can be considered an aggravating factor for increased mortality. Thus, the main objective of the research was to comparatively evaluate the susceptibility profile of yeasts from obese, overweight and eutrophic individuals and to establish correlations with anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional parameters. Based on a previous sample, from a previous study, 43 yeasts from the intestinal mycobiota of 25 eutrophic, overweight and obese volunteers had their susceptibility profile defined for the main drugs used to treat systemic elderly. The most predominant resistance was to itraconazole (81.39%), followed by caspofungin (67.44%), fluconazole and voriconazole showed resistance of 39.53.5% and 32.55%, respectively. All yeasts showed sensitivity to amphotericin B. The obese and overweight groups showed a greater number of isolates resistant to itraconazole and the eutrophic group a greater number of isolates resistant to caspofungin. Thus, we can suggest that the intestinal ecosystem is a favorable environment for the selective pressure of resistant fungal phenotypes and further studies are needed to understand the relationship between resistance phenotypes and obesity.