Coagulantes naturais como alternativa promissora no tratamento de água: uma análise sobre a eficácia da moringa oleífera

Abstract

Natural coagulants emerge as effective alternatives in the water treatment process, either for their bioavailability and damage reduction against synthetic coagulants. Moringa oleífera appears as an effective alternative for the treatment of water, both for its flocculant potential, helping in the process of removing turbidity, color and total solids, or for the adsorbent evaluation, in the removal of residual drugs, heavy metals and dyes. The versatility of moringa is pointed out not only by its broad performance, but also by the variety of action of the plant, where the findings propose methods of extracting the seeds, leaves, bark and stem, in different ways, through liquid extract, solid, activated charcoal, functionalization and grafting. The articles surveyed also point out that some conditions must be analyzed to maintain effectiveness, one of the main ones is the pH, which, depending on the purpose, needs to be adjusted. Regarding the residual generated, as it is a biodegradable compound, no toxicity warnings were presented, however, there is a need for new studies for investigation. Thus, moringa as an alternative for water treatment, mostly in emerging locations, and the implementation of new studies in order to improve the methods.