Tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação do Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale

Abstract

Introduction: One of the great challenges regarding body image research during pregnancy is the lack of valid measures, given that most of them utilize instruments adapted to non pregnant women. The Body Understanding Measure for Pregnancy Scale (BUMPs) was developed to measure body satisfaction among English pregnant women. Regarding the Brazilian context, it will be the first instrument that will assess body satisfaction during pregnancy. Objective: Cross-culturally adapt BUMPs for Brazil, verifying the psychometric properties (reliability and validity of the construct) for Brazilian pregnant women. Methods: It is a sequential mixed-method study, and two articles were designed to meet the proposed objectives. Article 1: PRISMA recommendations were followed to conduct a systematic review. The results found a total of 13 instruments, including developed and cross-culturally adapted measures, which assess aspects related to the pregnant woman's body image. There is a lack of valid and reliable instruments to measure body image among Brazilian pregnant women. Article 2: Methodological recommendations were followed for translation and validation of instruments. Therefore, authorization to use the instrument was requested from the authors of the original article, followed by the cross-cultural process (translation, back-translation, expert committee, expert committee and pre-test). In total, 29 adult pregnant women (32.23 ± 4.10 years old) participated in the pretest and 681 adult pregnant women (31.08 ± 4.94 years old) participated in the psychometric analysis, regardless of the gestational period. The participants were recruited and attended online, answering measures of body satisfaction, body dissatisfaction, body self-acceptance, mother's level of attachment to the fetus, perceptions of the body's internal states, anxiety and depression, relationship quality, level of physical activity, in addition to sociodemographic and socioeconomic assessment. The cross-cultural adaptation process presented semantic, idiomatic, cultural and conceptual equivalences. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a 3-factor structure with 19 items, demonstrating a good fit of the scale for Brazilian pregnant women. Additionally, the Brazilian BUMPs presented indicators of reability, convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion: BUMPs demonstrated good psychometric qualities and its use is indicated for Brazilian adult pregnant women