Atividade antifúngica do óleo resina de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. frente a espécies de fungos dermatófitos

Abstract

The dermatophytosis are mycosis that affect the keratinized tissues caused by fungi of the dermatophytes group and affect the humans and the animals. The oleoresin extracted from copaiba has numerous pharmacological actions, including antimicrobial activity. Thus, it may be an alternative for pharmacological treatments of the dermatophytosis. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile of the oleoresin extracted from Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. and investigate him antifungic activity against the main fungi that cause the dermatophytosis: Microsporum spp and Tricophyton spp. The chemical profile of the oleoresin extracted from copaiba by high resolution gas chromatography (HR-GC) and the oleoresin’s antifungical activity by determination of him minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungidal concentration (MFC) were analyzed. The reference drugs, ketoconazole and terbinafine, were used as positive control. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed to investigate the morfological alterations caused in the fungi exposed to the proposed treatments. The copalic acid was identified confirming the originality of the oleoresin from copaiba and the β-caryophyllene was the majority compound (31.4%) found. The oleoresin extracted from copaiba showed no active against M. canis ATCC 32903, M. gypseum ATCC 14683, T. mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 and T. mentagrophytes ATCC 11480. This oleoresin showed fungicidal activity against the T. mentagrophytes ATCC 11481, with the MIC and CFM values equal to 31.25 μg of β-caryophyllene.mL-1; and T. rubrum, with MIC equal to 250 μg of β-caryophyllene.mL-1 and MFC equal to 500 μg of β-caryophyllene.mL-1. The fungi exposed to the action of the oleoresin and drugs reference presented damage on its structures. The results stimulate the achievement of in vivo assays to confirm the benefits from the application of the oleoresin extracted from copaiba in the treatment of dermatophytoses in humans and animal caused by fungi of the Tricophyton spp gender.