O Ensino de Equilíbrio Químico na educação básica: uma abordagem metodológica por meio de um objeto de aprendizagem

Abstract

This work aimed to assess the potential and fragilities of a pedagogical intervention aimed at teaching the concept of Chemical Equilibrium - CE - to students of High School using Information and Communication Technologies - ICT - through Learning Objects - LO. Research about teaching and learning CE is pointed out about the complexity of students understand the concept of reversibility and the dynamics of reactions in CE. In order to overcome these limitations, ICT has been discussed in literature. The data obtained through audiovisual recordings of classroom activities and interviews with a teacher, in addition to the written production of high school students were analyzed based on Content Analysis. After the selection of the school and LO, a Teaching Strategy - TS was organized considering the profile of the students. Then, an intervention was made in the school's computer lab where it was possible to point out the following potentialities and fragilities of the proposal: (a) greater participation of the students, (b) opportunity to build knowledge through interaction with an LO, (c) resignification of conceptions after interaction with LO and dialog with the teacher, (d) proposition of ideas coherent with the concept approached in the intervention, in addition to (e) promoting reflections to the teacher, who accompanied the entire process, and, fragilities: (f) low return of teachers participating in the research, (g) need for more interventions to familiarize students with the simulation, and (h) more time for interaction of the teacher with the students in order to work on the concepts at the end of each activity performed. Finally, the interview brought statements from the teacher, in which there are reflections about the practice itself, alluding to the improvement of the academic performance of students and that starts to add ICT to the practice itself in order to be able to improve it and encourage students to participate more in the teaching and learning process as well as to build their own knowledge through interaction with LO from ICT.