Estudo da modulação da microbiota intestinal com uso de probióticos e possíveis efeitos sobre o metabolismo de camundongos C57Bl/6

Abstract

The Western diet based on increased intake of saturated fats and simple carbohydrates, such as fructose, is an important lifestyle change that provides individuals with a high calorie intake. Associated with the positive energy balance and the changes caused by pregnancy, it can cause obesity and have consequences for intestinal health. In addition to the negative impacts on the submitted parental generation, epigenetic transmission can predispose descendants to chronic diseases such as obesity, non-alcoholic liver disease, cardiovascular diseases and even behavioral disorders. In the present study, we sought to evaluate the influence of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy of female mice that received a high-calorie diet (HC) rich in saturated fat and simple carbohydrates during adulthood, pregnancy and lactation on metabolic parameters in mothers and generations male and female F1. The HC diet promoted dyslipidemia, greater adiposity, greater energy efficiency coefficient, greater under the curve for the Glucose Tolerance Test and lower insulin decay rate for the Insulin Tolerance Test. The groups that received the HC diet had leptin values higher than their respective controls. The TNFα of the group that received a high-calorie diet and supplementation of probiotics showed higher values than their respective controls. The intestines showed mild inflammatory infiltrations. The pregnant group that received the HC diet presented moderate to severe liver lipidosis, but when supplemented with probiotic, the liver tissue was compatible with that of the control group, that is, without fat droplets. Mice descended from F1 generations, whose mothers were exposed to the high-calorie diet, showed weight gain and high adiposity until adulthood, although all puppies were fed standard feed after weaning. The increase in final body weight, mass of adipose tissue and glucose descended from the pregnant group that received the HC diet, indicates that the experimental diet was able to produce obesogenic characteristics in the offspring. Otherwise, the pregnant group that received a high-calorie diet when supplemented with probiotics decreased adiposity and the relative weight of the liver in the F1 generation in both males and females. Males also showed an increase in HDL cholesterol levels. Further studies are still needed, but it has to be concluded that the experimental model used for the hypercaloric diet with the supplementation of probiotics changed the metabolic parameters of animals of the F0 generation, with effect on animals of F1 generations of C57Bl / 6 mice.