A ação do capital imobiliário no (re) ordenamento territorial: o programa Minha Casa Minha Vida no município de Petrópolis-RJ

Abstract

“My home, my life Program”, instituted by the Federal Government in 2009, promoted significant changes in the urban territorial planning in many Brazilian municipalities. Several studies have demonstrated these effects in the territory and in the cities. However, few studies have also devoted themselves to study in detail “My home, my life Program”types 2 and 3. This work aims to understand how real estate capital is articulated within “My home, my life Program”, in its types 2 and 3 and how this process has produced a new urban territorial planning from the reality of Petrópolis-RJ. Work’s methodology consists of a literature review, interviews with the actors involved in this process: the public sector, represented by the city of Petrópolis and the private sector, in the figures of builders, developers and real estate. Detailed analysis of each project installed in the 2nd and 3rd Districts was carried out, using a radius between 1.0 and 5.0 km from each project evaluating accessibility issues to public services. This work demonstrates the performance of real estate capital as the central articulator of space production from the “My home, my life Program” in Petrópolis, allowing the arrival of exogenous companies to work the product. In addition, it was observed how these companies came together to offer a new product in the market, capable of meeting the price and income requirements of the program. Regarding the particularities of the municipality studied, the enterprises produced greater urban densification in the 2nd and 3rd Districts, justified by the adequacy of municipal urban legislation, Land Use and Land Use Law, through the creation of Areas of Special Social Interest. This was accompanied by the trend of replacing the singlefamily housing model with the multi-family model, especially in the 2nd District, mainly along the Union and Industry Road. There was also a growth in the installation of new commercial and service ventures, mainly on the axis of Union and Industry Road, to meet the growing demand of new residents. Finally, the work highlights the increase in the price of square meters of real estate near “My home, my life Program” projects, especially those whose legislation allows the replacement of the single-family housing model to the multi-family housing model.