O Efeito das emendas parlamentares nos indicadores municipais de saúde

Abstract

Congressional amendments are a form of participation by the Legislative Branch in the budget, with the possibility for parliamentarians to submit amendments to the budget that the Executive Branch has proposed. After Constitutional Amendment No. 86 of 2015, these amendments became mandatory and the Executive Branch began to have an obligation to execute such an expense, with parliamentarians having to invest half of that amount in public health actions and services. In Brazil, specific research focusing on the effect of parliamentary amendments on health impacts is still rare, and it is complex to fill this gap in the literature. congressional amendments improve health indicators, thus reducing regional inequalities. The methodology makes use of longitudinal data for the 5570 Brazilian municipalities in the period from 2015 to 2018, with health indicators as a dependent variable, parliamentary amendments as an explanatory variable of interest and preservation and health characteristics of the municipalities as controls. The result of this necessary work is that congressional amendments tend to be improved on the health indicators of Brazilian municipalities, however, a large part of the resources currently provided are allocated in regions that already have such indicators above the national average. Such a pertinent issue is the importance of implementing public policies that encourage parliamentarians to redirect their resources to the poorest and least developed municipalities, and not only pork barrel policies to honor their electoral bases, as developed centers, where there is a greater concentration of voters, already have above average health indicators.