O presente de uma desilusão: fracasso escolar e triunfo do sujeito

Abstract

This investigation, developed by the Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), aims to answer the research question: what place does the failing subject have at school? The proposal is to think the students' place of subject under the perspective of psychoanalysis, giving emphasis to the elaborations of symptom and malaise of Freud and Lacan, in a context in which the school assumes the goals and results, dictated by educational indicators and external evaluations as ideal, as an instance that dictates about school rules. In this sense, we seek, in education, the achievement of goals in a scenario of idealization of learning although, for that, we have to exclude those who should represent the ultimate purpose of schools: our students. In this inversion in which the evaluative results should be an intermediate activity and become an end activity, we seek to hide the malaise, excluding the subjects from school. But the subjects, in a psychoanalysis perspective, insist on appearing through stumbles, through failed acts, resulting in what we identify and name as school failure. To carry out the research, from this initial premise, we used some speeches by professionals from a Specialized Service Center in Education (CAEE) in Juiz de Fora/MG and also fragments of four dissertations from the Professional Graduate Program in Management and Evaluation of Public Education (PPGP) of the Center for Evaluations and Public Policies in Education (CAEd) of the UFJF, in which the researcher, author of this text, works as a support for guidance, in addition to interviews with the authors of these dissertations. At the end of the course, it was possible to conclude that the school failure in absolute terms is engendered in the imaginary, as well as total success, which is also an idealization of learning. Failure as a social phenomenon is imagined, as well as school success in absolute terms. However, it was also possible to conclude that failures, in the plural, are present in the school. Failures as symptoms, as a possibility for the subject to emerge.It is in the failed act that the subject's Real can appear and it is in the stumbles that it is possible to fissure the imaginary of both success and failure.