Saúde mental e atenção básica: a construção de uma rede de cuidados no município de Juiz de Fora

Abstract

The city of Juiz de Fora was part of the process of reforming mental health care very late, because the city did not follow the development of the movement of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, which emerged in the country in the 1970s. Only, from 2010, the municipality begins to develop a process of change in the field of Mental Health, from the IV Municipal Conference of Mental Health. Although late, the municipality developed an accelerated process of dehospitalization in Mental Health, which ensured the closure of all public psychiatric hospitals in less than five years. In order to understand this process, with its limits and possibilities, this paper aims to analyze the relationship between Mental Health and Primary Care in the city of Juiz de Fora, which from 2010 gained a new outline. For the purpose of this reflection, a bibliographic review was carried out, rescuing the historical process in which the intervention of Mental Health actions was considered in primary care in the municipality and a documentary research, which sought to understand what is in the municipality within the scope of Mental Health articulation. with basic attention. To complement the information and allowing to compare with the researched documents, a field research was conducted with eight professionals inserted in six Basic Health Units of the city, being four managers and four social workers. For the field research, the qualitative research method was used and the instrument for data collection was the interview with semi-structured script. The study showed that the articulation of Mental Health with ABS is a reality that is permeated by many challenges and that the municipality operates a fragile and very fragmented psychosocial care network. This shows that the need for strengthening the Mental Health care network in the city is urgent, as a way of guaranteeing to the users of this policy the universality of the right to health and the integrality of the assistance actions within the proposed by the psychiatric reform. . This study aims to strengthen the debate about the importance of Mental Health actions in primary care and the constant reflection and search for improvement of professionals, managers and all those involved with the theme of mental health. Given the result of this work, it is concluded that the inclusion of Mental Health in primary care is a fundamental strategy for the construction of health care for users in psychological distress. Thus it is important to strengthen the psychosocial care network and invest widely in primary care.