Manifestações xenorracistas na vida de imigrantes negros: narrativas em circulação virtual

Abstract

This dissertation investigates how xenoracist practices are disseminated through the media and traverse the lives of Black immigrants in Brazil, articulating media, institutional, and narrative discourses that are anchored in the lived experience of these subjects. The objective is, through the analysis of narratives, to unveil the mode of emergence of xenoracism. In addition, it seeks to understand how such a phenomenon assumes a structural character, supported by persistent colonial logics, producing racial, linguistic, and social hierarchizations that affect the identity constitution of racialized migrant subjects. The study is situated in the field of Applied Linguistics and adopts as a theoretical framework contributions from decolonial studies, anthropologically based discourse analysis, and sociolinguistics, with emphasis on the concepts of indexicality, indexical order, entextualization, and indexical cues. Methodologically, the research develops a qualitative-interpretative analysis of narrative events and narrated events, constructed from news published in Brazilian digital media and from accounts of Black immigrants, examining the discursive processes through which experiences of violence, exclusion, and delegitimization are (en)textualized and circulate socially. The results show that the media plays a central role in the reproduction of subalternized voices, a fact that may serve as an alternative of resistance to xenoracism, although the media may also promote it by framing migrant subjects as strange, dangerous, or deviant bodies, while at the same time silencing or marginalizing their linguistic practices and forms of agency. It is observed that such narratives demonstrate discourses – produced by nationals – that reinforce indexicalizations about migrant bodies, in addition to racialized indexical orders that associate social legitimacy, belonging, and humanity with hegemonic linguistic and cultural norms, linked to Brazilian Portuguese and to nationalist ideals of belonging. It is concluded that xenoracism, far from being restricted to isolated episodes of prejudice, is configured as a discursive and social structure that traverses institutions, policies, and individual communicative practices, directly impacting the life trajectories of Black immigrants in Brazil and demanding critical and decolonial approaches in the field of Applied Linguistics and in reception policies.