Intervenção fisioterapêutica no Transtorno do Espectro Autista: implicações para o desenvolvimento neuropsicossensoriomotor - Uma Revisão Integrativa

Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social interaction, as well as restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior. These impairments directly affect the child’s motor, sensory, cognitive, and emotional development, potentially compromising autonomy and quality of life. A multiprofessional approach, with emphasis on physiotherapy, plays a fundamental role in stimulating motor and neuropsychosensory skills. This study is an integrative review aimed at analyzing, through scientific evidence published over the last ten years, the effects of physiotherapeutic intervention on the neuropsychosensory-motor development of children diagnosed with ASD up to 12 years of age. The databases PubMed, SciELO, and PEDro were searched using the descriptors “Autism,” “Intervention,” and “Physiotherapy.” The results demonstrated that physiotherapeutic interventions, structured physical activities, and integrative approaches promoted significant improvements in motor performance, particularly in balance, postural control, and motor coordination. Positive effects were also observed in behavioral, emotional, sensory, and psychosocial aspects. Technology- mediated interventions and aquatic-based therapies showed promising results. Physiotherapy is a fundamental component of interdisciplinary care, promoting neuropsychomotor development, social inclusion, and overall well-being in this population.