Caracterização dos municípios do Matopiba: uma Avaliação do Preço da terra e de aspectos socioeconômico-ambientais

Abstract

The acronym Matopiba (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia) refers to a region that has experienced strong agricultural expansion since the second half of the 1980s, characterized by the growth of high-yield production and intense mechanization, particularly in grain cultivation. The central objective of this study is to characterize and classify the municipalities within the region based on the relationship between land prices and socioeconomic and environmental indicators. To this end, the following multivariate methods were employed: factor analysis and cluster analysis. Thirteen variables corresponding to the year 2022 were utilized for the regional municipalities that have results in SIMET, encompassing productive, social, economic, and environmental indicators, as well as the Total Property Value. The results revealed a connection between deforestation and land appreciation in Matopiba, where the conversion of natural areas into productive land increases its value. It was also verified that higher commodity production is associated with larger harvested areas, greater deforestation, and a tendency for higher GDP per capita. Additionally, it was observed that municipalities with lower levels of access to better housing infrastructure conditions tend to display poorer health indicators, as well as potential vulnerabilities in access to education.