O plano nacional de educação 2014-2024 e suas consequências na economia brasileira: uma análise dos efeitos das políticas educacionais no desenvolvimento econômico

Abstract

The consolidation of educational policies is essential for the economic and social development of a country, and the National Education Plan (PNE) 2014–2024 represents one of the most significant efforts in this regard in Brazil. This study aimed to analyze the impacts of the PNE on the qualification of the workforce, the reduction of regional and social inequalities, and the strengthening of sustainable growth. To achieve this, aspects such as the expansion of access to basic and higher education, the effects of the plan on employability and productivity in strategic sectors, challenges related to the quality of education, school dropout, retention policies, and the relationship between academic training and labor market demands were examined, along with the persistent regional inequalities that influence the effectiveness of educational policies. The research adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on document analysis and a literature review, using data from the Ministry of Education (MEC), INEP, and specialized academic literature. The results indicate that the PNE contributed to significant advances in educational expansion and professional qualification, positively reflecting in sectors such as industry and technology. However, structural challenges continue to limit its reach, particularly regarding the quality of education, student retention, and the integration between education and the labor market. It is concluded that, while the PNE has been fundamental for educational advancement in the country, adjustments are needed to strengthen the connection between inclusion and professional qualification, increase investments in infrastructure, and promote greater integration between education and economic development, consolidating education as a driver of a more equitable and innovative economy.