Sindicalização e diferenças de rendimentos em Minas Gerais à luz da RAIS 2017

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the relationships between unionization, union density and salary differences among formally employed workers in Brazil. The aim is to characterize the role of union density in income differences, the format of this relationship and the factors associated with the differences found. Using the identified RAIS database for Minas Gerais for 2017, which allows the combination of firm and employee attributes, several cross-tabulations are carried out in a descriptive analysis and econometric models are applied. The study shows that the typical return to union density in a model with stricter controls is 18.9%. There is a non-linear relationship between union density and the wage difference between employees, which reaches its maximum at approximately 65% of union density. When applying Gelbach's decomposition of the gross wage difference between the simple model and the complete linear model, in a more disaggregated way, we have the sector fixed effect as the main source responsible for 26.59% of the effect, followed by time in employment with 17.64% and education with 16.86%. Time in employment makes up a vector of influence with the effects of the firm that would reinforce and be reinforced by union density. Finally, it is concluded that the study offers a differentiated contribution by focusing on union density and using the Gelbach decomposition in labor economics research in relation to the role of unionization in Brazil